Hang Câu sits at the base of Núi Thới Lới on Lý Sơn's northeastern shore, in thôn Đông, An Hải commune - a stretch of beach flanked by near-vertical basalt cliff faces that drop directly into the sea. The cave and cliffs formed from the eruption of Núi Thới Lới, the island's largest volcano, roughly a million years ago, with the sea gradually eroding the base into the hollows and rock formations visible today.
The name 'Câu' is explained two ways locally: some say it comes from rau câu chân vịt, a type of edible seaweed once found covering the cliffs here (used in the dessert xu xoa); others say it refers to the rocky ledges here being ideal spots for fishing (câu cá). Either explanation ties the name to the area's natural life.
The water in front of the cliffs is clear and shallow close to shore, with coral reefs accessible without a boat, though conditions can vary - some patches of dead coral and occasional currents mean it's worth checking locally before swimming out further. Along the road up toward Núi Thới Lới, above the main beach area, a clifftop viewpoint has become a popular photo spot with young Vietnamese travellers, who shoot from a distance to capture a sense of smallness against the vast sky.
The combination of volcanic geology overhead and blue water below makes Hang Câu one of the island's strongest visual locations - much of Lý Sơn's widely circulated travel photography is shot here.